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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
This course serves as an introduction to chemical engineering for those with no previous training in the field. Among the topics covered are mass and energy balances and equilibrium stagewise operations. No credit for graduate CHE majors.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
This introductory course in chemical engineering covers mass, heat and momentum transfer. A background in ordinary and partial differential equations is required. No credit for graduate CHE majors.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
This course addresses management and engineering design concepts required for process safety in chemical and biotechnology systems, with pharmaceutical manufacturing applications. The basis for the course is a Process Safety Management (PSM) model from OSHA and the Center for Chemical Process Safety of AICHE . Content focuses on sound engineering principles and practices as they apply to industrial situations, project design, risk mitigation, process, and equipment integrity, and engineering codes and standards. Includes calculation of risk assessment scores and cost justification factors; HASOPs studies using P&IDs; sizing safety valves, rupture discs, explosion venting, and emergency scrubbers; MSDS applied to dispersion modeling; overall control, reduction, and prevention of hazardous materials incidents; and case studies.
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| (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
This course provides a broad overview of topics related to the design and operations of modern biopharmaceutical facilities. It covers process, utilities, and facility design issues, and encompasses all major manufacturing areas, such as fermentation, harvest, primary and final purification, media and buffer preparation, equipment cleaning and sterilization, and critical process utilities. Unit operations include cell culture, centrifugation, conventional and tangential flow filtration, chromatography, solution preparation, and bulk filling. Application of current Good Manufacturing Practices and Bioprocessing Equipment Standards (BPE-2002) will be discussed.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Designed to provide the process engineers with the background necessary to understand and work with microprocessor-based systems. Topics include: introduction and overview of microprocessor-based technology in chemical engineering; analog and digital signal conditioning, data transmission and serial interfacing using RS-232C and GPIB IEEE-488 standards; analog-to-digital conversion and sampling; digital-to-analog conversion; digital I/O, switches/relays and power supplies; microprocessor-based sensors, transducers and actuators; programmable logic controllers and batch process control; software packages for data-acquisition and control. Prerequisites: Undergraduate Course in circuits and process control.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Development and evaluation of processing schemes; analysis of process circuits; establishing design criteria; process design; evaluation and selection of process equipment; economic analysis and evaluation; applications to chemical, biochemical, waste treatment, energy and other processes of current interest.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Selection, design and scaling of separation processes using principles of moment
um, energy and mass transfer; applications to novel as well as to conventional separation techniques.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
The ultimate goal of this course is to prepare students to undertake the analysis of the most difficult problems in equilibrium stage operations. The problems typically involve one or more columns with components exhibiting highly non-ideal behavior. This class of problems includes azeotropic distillation, extractive distillation, columns with more than one liquid phase and a variety of other anomalies. Lack of complete equilibrium data is not uncommon. Extensive use is made of commercial software in the solution of problems. The course concludes with the assignment of an industrial problem, a substantial project, which requires that the students exercise virtually all techniques studied.
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| (3-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
This course provides an overview and industrial perspectives regarding downstream separation in drug substance development and manufacturing. Basic principles and practical applications of unit operations most commonly employed in the pharmaceutical industry will be discussed, including extraction, absorption, membrane, distillation, crystallization, filtration, and drying. Examples will be discussed to illustrate the intrinsic relationship between process development, equipment selection, and scale-up success.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
This course supplements the classical undergraduate thermodynamics course by focusing on physical and thermodynamic properties and phase equilibria. A variety of equations of state, and their applicability, are introduced as are all of the important liquid activity coefficient equations. Customization of both vapor and liquid equations is introduced by appropriate methods of applied mathematics. Vapor-liquid, liquid-liquid, vapor-liquid-liquid and solid-liquid equilibria are considered with rigor. Industrial applications are employed. A variety of methods for estimating physical and thermodynamic properties are introduced. Students are encouraged to use commercial software in applications. The course concludes with an introduction to statistical thermodynamics.
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| | (3-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Fundamentals of mixing relevant to pharmaceutical engineering, flow patterns, dead zones, components of mixers, importance of baffling, determination of flow, power, and shear rates, effect of rheology, “shaken, not stirred”, why viscosity affects more than just Reynolds numbers, continuous processing, heat transfer, suspending solids that sink or float, wetting out solids, concepts of crystallization, catalysis, mass transfer, liquid-liquid dispersions, emulsions, and separations, fermenters, hydrogenators, other gas-liquid applications, pit-falls of scale-up, why scale-down is the better way to design, process intensification and solids-solids mixing.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Generalized approach to differential and macroscopic balances: constitutive material equations; momentum and energy transport in laminar and turbulent flow; interphase and intraphase transport; dimensionless correlations.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
This course will review identification of pharmaceutical processes and systems, model formulation, algorithm development, and solution techniques of relevance to pharmaceutical manufacturing. Development of concepts and analysis skills necessary for modeling and simulation of pharmaceutical manufacturing processes and systems are emphasized. Overview of modeling techniques, process model development, product and assembly models, optimization techniques, and methods used in decision analysis, including multi-attribute utility models, decision trees, and discrete event simulation is presented. Prerequisite: undergraduate degree in engineering or its equivalent.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
The course begins with a review of traditional separation processes such as distillation, evaporation, extraction, crystallization and absorption. New topics in separation which are covered include pressure swing adsorption, molecular sieves, ion exchange, reverse osmosis, microfiltration, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration, diafiltration, gas permeation, pervaporation, supercritical fluid extraction and liquid chromatography. Industrial applications, design considerations and engineering analysis of these separation topics are covered.
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| | (0-0-3)
(Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Analysis of batch and continuous chemical reactions for homogeneous, heterogeneous, catalytic and noncatalytic reactions; influence of temperature, pressure, reactor size and type, mass and heat transport on yield and product distribution; design criteria based on optimal operating conditions and reactor stability will be developed.
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| | (0-0-3)
(Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Mathematical modeling and identification of chemical processes. State-space process representation and analysis: stability, observability, controllability and reachability. Analysis and design of advanced control systems: internal model control, dynamic matrix control and model predictive control. Synthesis of multivariable control systems: interaction analysis, singular value decomposition, decoupler design. Continuous and sampled-data systems, on-line process identification. State and parameter estimation techniques: Luenberger observer and Kalman filter. Knowledge of Laplace transforms, material and energy balances, computer programming and matrix algebra is required.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
This course focuses on the application of advanced process control techniques in pharmaceutical and petrochemical industries. Among the topics considered are bioreactor and polymerization reactor modeling, biosensors, state and parameter estimation techniques, optimization of reactor productivity for batch, fed-batch and continuous operations, and expert systems approaches to monitoring and control. An overview of a complete automation project - from design to startup - of a pharmaceutical plant will be discussed. Included: process control issues and coordination of interdisciplinary requirements and regulations. Guest speakers from local industry will present current technological trends. A background in differential equations, biochemical engineering, and basic process control is required.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
The course comprises a series of workshops, employing an industrial process simulator, Aspen Plus, which explore the primary components required to simulate a chemical process. Most workshops have embedded irregularities designed to heighten the student-awareness of the types of errors that could arise when using simulation software. The workshops include facilities to exercise and customize a wide variety of physical and thermodynamic properties as the students develop process models. Heavy concentration is on the equations describing the models used. As the experience level of the students rises, workshops designed to introduce complicated industrial flowsheets are employed.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Stress-strain relationships, theory of linear viscoelasticity and relaxation spectra, temperature dependence of viscoelastic behavior, dielectric properties, dynamic mechanical and electrical testing, molecular theories of flexible chains, statistical mechanics and thermodynamics of rubber-like undiluted systems, morphology of high polymers.
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| (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Molecular and continuum mechanical constitutive equations for viscoelastic fluids; analysis of viscometric experiments to evaluate the viscosity and normal stress functions; dependence of these functions on the macromolecular structure of polymer melts; solution of isothermal and nonisothermal flow problems with non-Newtonian fluids which are encountered in polymer processing; development of design equations for extruder dies and molds.
Prerequisites:
ChE 630
(0-0-3)(Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Generalized approach to differential and macroscopic balances: constitutive material equations; momentum and energy transport in laminar and turbulent flow; interphase and intraphase transport; dimensionless correlations.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Descriptions of various polymer processing operations and processing requirements of biomedical products, principles of processing of polymers covering melting, pressurization, mixing, devolatilization, shaping using extrusion, spinning, blowing, coating, calendering and molding technologies, surface treatment and sterilization, applications in the areas of prostheses and artificial organs and packaging of various biomedical devices.
Prerequisites:
ChE 630
(0-0-3)(Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Generalized approach to differential and macroscopic balances: constitutive material equations; momentum and energy transport in laminar and turbulent flow; interphase and intraphase transport; dimensionless correlations.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Recent advances in polymer blend and composite formation; the role of melt rheology in component selection and the resulting morphology; melt mixing processes and equipment; models for predicting processing and performance characteristics; morphology generation and control in
manufacturing processes; sample calculations and case histories for polyblends used in film blowing, blow molding and injection molding.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Principal manufacturing methods utilizing molds and dies; mold and die design characteristics dictated by functional requirements; interaction between molds/dies and processing machinery; mathematical models of forming processes, including flow through dies and into molds, solidification, heat transfer, and reaction (in reactive processing); end-product properties (morphology, bulk properties, tolerances, and appearance) and operating conditions in alternative manufacturing methods; materials and manufacturing methods for molds and dies; and case studies.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Design of polymeric products; design criteria based upon product functions and geometry; material selection by property assessment; selection of molds, dies, and special manufacturing devices (e.g., mold inserts); selection of appropriate forming process (injection, rotational or blow-molding, extrusion, etc.); and determination of optimum operating conditions (such as temperature, pressure, cycle, or residence time). Case histories of failure.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Discussion of models for flow and deformation in polymers, and a treatment of measurable rheological properties. Analysis of thermoplastic and thermosetting resins for processability. Use of experimental data to determine parameters of the constitutive equations. Laboratory includes use of state-of-the-art equipment in elongational, rotational and capillary viscometry.
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| (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
This course will provide a fundamental understanding, and the application of emerging and current approaches to reaction engineering and catalysis in the pharmaceutical and fine chemical industries. The course will focus on promising technologies such as enzymatic catalysis and bioreactor design, chiral synthesis and kinetics, multiphase reactions, and microreactor technology with emphasis throughout on industrially relevant reactions.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
A survey course covering the chemical, biological and material science aspects of interfacial phenomena. Applications to adhesion, biomembranes, colloidal stability, detergency, lubrication, coatings, fibers and powders - where surface properties play an important role.
Prerequisites:
CH 321
(3-0-3)(Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Laws of thermodynamics, thermodynamic functions, and the foundations of statistical thermodynamics. The chemical potential is applied to phase equilibria, chemical reaction equilibria, and solution theory, for both ideal and real systems.
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(3-4-4)(Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Chemical kinetics, solution theories with applications to separation processes, electrolytes, polyelectrolytes, regular solutions and phase equilibria, and laboratory practice in the measurements of physical properties and rate processes.
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(0-3-2)(Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
This course includes both experimentation and open-ended design problems that are integrated with the Materials Processing course taught concurrently. Core design themes are further developed.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
This course deals with the principles of light interactions with biological and biomedical-relevant systems. The enabling aspects of nanotechnology for advanced biosensing, medical diagnosis, and therapeutically treatment will be discussed.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Lectures by department faculty, guest speakers, and doctoral students on recent research. Enrollment during the entire period of study is required of all full-time students. No credit. Must be taken every semester.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Selected topics of current interest in the field of chemical engineering will be treated from an advanced point of view.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
The course is designed to enable students to attack a variety of chemical engineering problems which lend themselves to solution by numerical methods as opposed to classical mathematics. Problems that do not fit the mold "using existing software" are illustrated. The students are encouraged to create their own software to solve problems. For this purpose, students are given an introduction to the Visual Basic programming language. Students are also encouraged to use more advanced methods in Excel. Examples and homework assignments are drawn from industrial experience when possible.
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| (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
A critical review of current theories and experimental aspects of polymer science and engineering.(Three to Six credits.)
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
One to six credits. Limit of six credits for the degree of Master of Engineering (Chemical).
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
One to six credits. Limit of six credits for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
For the degree of Chemical Engineer. (One to six credits.)
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
For the degree of Master of Engineering (Chemical). Five to ten credits with departmental approval.
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| (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Design project for the degree of Chemical Engineer. Hours and credits to be arranged. Eight to fifteen credits.
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| | (0-0-3)
(Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Original research leading to the doctoral dissertation. Hours and credits to be arranged.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
An introduction to the structures/properties relationships of materials principally intended for students with a limited background in the field of materials science. Topics include: structure and bonding, thermodynamics of solids, alloys and phase diagrams, mechanical behavior, electrical properties and the kinetics of solid state reactions. The emphasis of this subject is the relationship between structure and composition, processing (and synthesis), properties and performance of materials. For students who do not have a materials undergraduate degree or who wish to familiarize themselves with English terminology.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Description of simple physical models which account for electrical conductivity and thermal properties of solids. Basic crystal lattice structures, X-ray diffraction, and dispersion curves for phonons and electrons in reciprocal space. Energy bands, Fermi surfaces, metals, insulators, semiconductors, superconductivity, and ferromagnetism. Fall semester. Typical text: Kittel, Introduction to Solid State Physics
Prerequisites:
PEP 242 Modern Physics
(3-0-3)(Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Simple harmonic motion, oscillations and pendulums; Fourier analysis; wave properties; wave-particle dualism; the Schrödinger equation and its interpretation; wave functions; the Heisenberg uncertainty principle; quantum mechanical tunneling and application; quantum mechanics of a particle in a "box," the hydrogen atom; electronic spin; properties of many electron atoms; atomic spectra; principles of lasers and applications; electrons in solids; conductors and semiconductors; the n-p junction and the transistor; properties of atomic nuclei; radioactivity; fusion and fission. Spring Semester.
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Electromagnetism
(0-0-3)
(Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Second semester, three credits. Electrostatics; Coulomb-Gauss Law; Poisson-Laplace equations; boundary value problems; image techniques, dielectric media; magnetostatics; multipole expansion, electromagnetic energy, electromagnetic induction, Maxwell's equations, electromagnetic waves, waves in bounded regions, wave equations and retarded solutions, simple dipole antenna radiation theory, transformation law of electromagnetic fields.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Intended as an introduction for the student who is familiar with materials science, this course first reviews the properties of materials that are relevant to their application in the human body. It then introduces proteins, cells, tissues, and their reactions to foreign materials, and the degradation of these materials in the human body. The course then treats the various implants, burn dressings, drug delivery systems, biosensors, artificial organs, and elements of tissue engineering.
Prerequisites:
MT 501 Introduction to Materials Science and Engineering
(0-0-3)(Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
An introduction to the structures/properties relationships of materials principally intended for students with a limited background in the field of materials science. Topics include: structure and bonding, thermodynamics of solids, alloys and phase diagrams, mechanical behavior, electrical properties and the kinetics of solid state reactions. The emphasis of this subject is the relationship between structure and composition, processing (and synthesis), properties and performance of materials. For students who do not have a materials undergraduate degree or who wish to familiarize themselves with English terminology.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Theory and practical means for predicting the behavior of materials under stress. Elastic and plastic deformation, fracture and high-temperature deformation (creep).
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
An overview of microelectronics and photonics science and technology. It provides the student who wishes to specialize in their application, physics or fabrication with the necessary knowledge of how the different aspects are interrelated. It is taught in three modules: design and applications, taught by EE faculty; operation of electronic and photonic devices, taught by physics faculty; fabrication and reliability, taught by the materials faculty.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
This course will cover topics encompassing the fundamental subject matter for the design of optical systems. Topics will include optical system analysis, optical instrument analysis, applications of thin film coatings and opto-mechanical system design in the first term. The second term will cover the subjects of photometry and radiometry, spectrographic and spectrophotometric systems infrared radiation measurement and instrumentation, lasers in optical systems, and photon-electron conversion.
Prerequisites:
PEP 209 Modern Optics
(3-0-3)(Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Concepts of geometrical optics for reflecting and refracting surfaces, thin and thick lens formulations, optical instruments in modern practice, interference, polarization and diffraction effects, resolving power of lenses and instruments, X-ray diffraction, introduction to lasers and coherent optics, principles of holography, concepts of optical fibers, optical signal processing. Fall semester.
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Intermediate Waves and Optics
(3-0-3)(Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
The general study of field phenomena; scalar and vector fields and waves; dispersion phase and group velocity; interference, diffraction and polarization; coherence and correlation; geometric and physical optics. Typical text: Hecht and Zajac, Optics. Spring semester.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
This course will cover topics encompassing the fundamental subject matter for the design of optical systems. Topics will include optical system analysis, optical instrument analysis, applications of thin film coatings and opto-mechanical system design in the first term. The second term will cover the subjects of photometry and radiometry, spectrographic and spectrophotometric systems infrared radiation measurement and instrumentation, lasers in optical systems, and photon-electron conversion.
Prerequisites:
PEP 209
Modern Optics
(3-0-3)(Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Concepts of geometrical optics for reflecting and refracting surfaces, thin and thick lens formulations, optical instruments in modern practice, interference, polarization and diffraction effects, resolving power of lenses and instruments, X-ray diffraction, introduction to lasers and coherent optics, principles of holography, concepts of optical fibers, optical signal processing. Fall semester.
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PEP 509 Intermediate Waves and Optics
(3-0-3)(Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
The general study of field phenomena; scalar and vector fields and waves; dispersion phase and group velocity; interference, diffraction and polarization; coherence and correlation; geometric and physical optics. Typical text: Hecht and Zajac, Optics. Spring semester.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Composite material characterization; composite mechanics of plates, panels, beams, columns, and rods integrated with design procedures; analysis and design of composite structures; joining methods and procedures; introduction to manufacturing processes of filament winding, braiding, injection, compression and resin transfer molding, machining and drilling; and industrial applications.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Lectures, demonstrations and laboratory experiments, selected from among the following topics, depending on student interest: vacuum technology; thin-film preparation; scanning electron microscopy; LEED; infrared spectroscopy, ellipsometry; electron spectroscopies (Auger, photoelectron, field emission); ion spectroscopies (SIMS, IBS; surface properties-area), roughness and surface tension.
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| (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
The thermodynamics and kinetics of electrochemical cells, voltage-current relationships during corrosion and passivation. Stress corrosion, degradation of ceramics, polymers and composites, high-temperature corrosion and wear of materials.
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(0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
A lecture and laboratory course that introduces basic concepts in the design and operation of transmission electron microscopes and scanning electron microscopes as well as the fundamental aspects of image interpretation and diffraction analysis. Topics include: electron sources, electron optics, kinematic and dynamic theory of electron diffraction, and spectroscopic analysis. A typical textbook is Goodhew and Humphreys, Electron Microscopy and Analysis.
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| (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Basic plasma physics; some atomic processes; and plasma diagnostics. Plasma production; DC glow discharges, and RF glow discharges; and magnetron discharges. Plasma-surface interaction; sputter deposition of thin films; reactive ion etching, ion milling and texturing, and electron-beam-assisted chemical vapor deposition; and ion implantation. Sputtering systems; ion sources; electron sources; and ion beam handling. Typical text: Chapman, Glow Discharge Processes; Brodie, Muray, The Physics of Microfabrication. Taught jointly with PEP 545
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
This course introduces fundamentals of semiconductors and basic building blocks of semiconductor devices that are necessary for understanding semiconductor device operations. It is for first-year graduate students and upper-class undergraduate students in electrical engineering, applied physics, engineering physics, optical engineering and materials engineering who have no previous exposure to solid state physics and semiconductor devices. Topics covered will include description of crystal structures and bonding; introduction to statistical description of electron gas; free-electron theory of metals; motion of electrons in periodic lattices-energy bands; Fermi levels; semiconductors and insulators; electrons and holes in semiconductors; impurity effects; generation and recombination; mobility and other electrical properties of semiconductors; thermal and optical properties; p-n junctions; metal-semiconductor contacts.
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| (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
This course introduces operating principles and develops models of modern semiconductor devices that are useful in the analysis and design of integrated circuits. Topics covered include: charge carrier transport in semiconductors; diffusion and drift, injection and lifetime of carriers; p-n junction devices; bipolar junction transistors; metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors; metal-semiconductor field effect transistors and high electron mobility transistors; microwave devices; light emitting diodes, semiconductor lasers and photodetectors; integrated devices.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Physical design of wireless communication systems, emphasizing present and next generation architectures. Impact of non-linear components on performance; noise sources and effects; interference; optimization of receiver and transmitter architectures; individual components (LNAs, power amplifiers, mixers, filters, VCOs, phase-locked loops, frequency synthesizers, etc.); digital signal processing for adaptable architectures; analog-digital converters; new component technologies (SiGe, MEMS, etc.); specifications of component performance;
reconfigurabili and the role of digital signal processing in future generation architectures; direct conversion; RF packaging; minimization of power dissipation in receivers.
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| | | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
This course deals with the electrical, chemical, environmental and mechanical driving forces that compromise the integrity and lead to the failure of electronic materials and devices. Both chip and packaging level failures will be modeled physically and quantified statistically in terms of standard reliability mathematics. On the packaging level, thermal stresses, solder creep, fatigue and fracture, contact relaxation, corrosion and environmental degradation will be treated.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Deals with aspects of the technology of processing procedures involved in the fabrication of microelectronic devices and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). Students will become familiar with various fabrication techniques used for discrete devices, as well as large-scale integrated thin film circuits. Students will also learn that MEMS are sensors and actuators that are designed using different areas of engineering disciplines, and they are constructed using a microlithographically-based manufacturing process in conjunction with both semiconductor and micro-machining microfabrication technologies.
Prerequisites:
MT 507
(0-0-3)(Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
An overview of microelectronics and photonics science and technology. It provides the student who wishes to specialize in their application, physics or fabrication with the necessary knowledge of how the different aspects are interrelated. It is taught in three modules: design and applications, taught by EE faculty; operation of electronic and photonic devices, taught by physics faculty; fabrication and reliability, taught by the materials faculty.
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| (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Crystal structures, point defects, dislocations, slip systems, grain boundaries and microstructures. Scattering of X-rays and electrons; diffraction by single and polycrystalline materials and its application to material identification, crystal orientation, texture determination, strain measurement and crystal structure analysis.
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| (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
The goal of this course is to learn the basic concepts commonly utilized in the processing of advanced materials with specific compositions and microstructures. Solid state diffusion mechanisms are described with emphasis on the role of point defects, the mobility of diffusing atoms and their interactions. Macroscopic diffusion phenomena are analyzed by formulating partial differential equations and presenting their solutions. The relationships between processing and microstructure are developed on the basis of the rate of nucleation and growth processes that occur during condensation, solidification and precipitation. Diffusionless phase transformations observed in certain metallic and ceramic materials are discussed.
Prerequisites:
MT 603
(0-0-3)(Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
The principal areas of concentration include a review of thermodynamic laws applying to closed systems, chemical potentials and equilibria in heterogeneous systems, fugacity and activity functions, solution thermodynamics, multicomponent metallic solutions, the thermodynamics of phase diagrams and phase transformations.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
The principal areas of concentration include a review of thermodynamic laws applying to closed systems, chemical potentials and equilibria in heterogeneous systems, fugacity and activity functions, solution thermodynamics, multicomponent metallic solutions, the thermodynamics of phase diagrams and phase transformations.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Components for and design of optical communication systems; propagation of optical signals in single mode and multimode optical fibers; optical sources and photodetectors; optical modulators and multiplexers; optical communication systems: coherent modulators, optical fiber amplifiers and repeaters, transcontinental and transoceanic optical telecommunication system design; optical fiber local area networks.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Selected topics in surface modification and coatings technology, such as chem-ical vapor deposition, physical vapor deposition, ion implantation or other. Description of the processing techniques, characterization and performance evaluation of the surfaces.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Stress-strain relationships, theory of linear viscoelasticity and relaxation spectra, temperature dependence of viscoelastic behavior, dielectric properties, dynamic mechanical and electrical testing, molecular theories of flexible chains, statistical mechanics and thermodynamics of rubber-like undiluted systems, and morphology of high polymers.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
This course introduces students to the principles and design techniques of very large scale integrated circuits (VLSI). Topics include: MOS transistor characteristics, DC analysis, resistance, capacitance models, transient analysis, propagation delay, power dissipation, CMOS logic design, transistor sizing, layout methodologies, clocking schemes, case studies. Students will use VLSI CAD tools for layout and simulation. Selected class projects may be sent for fabrication.
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| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Lectures by department faculty, guest speakers, and doctoral students on recent research. Enrollment during the entire period of study is required of all full-time students. No credit. Must be taken every semester.
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|
| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
One to six credits. Limit of six credits for the degree of Master of Engineering.
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|
| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
One to six credits. Limit of six credits for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
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|
| | (0-0-5) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Research for the degree of Master of Science or Master of Engineering. Five to ten credits with departmental approval. More than five credits requires a second reader.
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|
| | (0-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Original research leading to the doctoral dissertation. Hours and credits to be arranged.
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|
| | (3-0-3) (Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Description of simple physical models which account for electrical conductivity and thermal properties of solids. Basic crystal lattice structures, X-ray diffraction and dispersion curves for phonons and electrons in reciprocal space. Energy bands, Fermi surfaces, metals, insulators, semiconductors, superconductivity and ferromagnetism. Fall semester. Typical text: Kittel, Introduction to Solid State Physics.
Prerequisites:
PEP 242 Modern Physics
(3-0-3)(Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Simple harmonic motion, oscillations and pendulums; Fourier analysis; wave properties; wave-particle dualism; the Schrödinger equation and its interpretation; wave functions; the Heisenberg uncertainty principle; quantum mechanical tunneling and application; quantum mechanics of a particle in a "box," the hydrogen atom; electronic spin; properties of many electron atoms; atomic spectra; principles of lasers and applications; electrons in solids; conductors and semiconductors; the n-p junction and the transistor; properties of atomic nuclei; radioactivity; fusion and fission. Spring Semester.
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Electromagnetism
(3-0-3)(Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Electrostatics; Coulomb-Gauss law; Poisson-Laplace equations; boundary value problems; image techniques;dielectric media; magnetostatics; multipole expansion; electromagnetic energy; electromagnetic induction; Maxwell’s equations; electromagnetic waves, radiation, waves in bounded regions, wave equations and retarded solutions; simple dipole antenna radiation theory; transformation law of electromagnetic fields. Spring semester. Typical text: Reitz, Milford and Christy, Foundation of Electromagnetic Theory.
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The goal of the course is to introduce students to the fundamentals, instrumentation, and applications of common analytical tools for surface and nanostructure characterization. The students will acquire the knowledge necessary for the selection of most suitable techniques and for the interpretation of the resultant information relevant to surface science and nanotechnology. Techniques covered include: SEM, TEM, EELS, BET, XPS, Auger, AT-FTIR, SERS, and AFM.
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This course is an introduction to quantum mechanics for students in physics and engineering. Techniques discussed include solutions of the Schrodinger equation in one and three dimensions, and operator and matrix methods. Applications include infinite and finite quantum wells, barrier penetration and scattering in one dimension, the harmonic oscillator, angular momentum, central force problems, including the hydrogen atom, and spin. Fall semester. Typical text: Quantum Physics by Gasiorowicz
Prerequisites:
MA 221
Differential Equations
(4-0-4)(Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Ordinary differential equations of first and second order, homogeneous and non-homogeneous equations; improper integrals, Laplace transforms; review of infinite series, series solutions of ordinary differential equations near an ordinary point; boundary-value problems; orthogonal functions; Fourier series; separation of variables for partial differential equations.
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Modern Physics
(3-0-3)(Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Simple harmonic motion, oscillations and pendulums; Fourier analysis; wave properties; wave-particle dualism; the Schrödinger equation and its interpretation; wave functions; the Heisenberg uncertainty principle; quantum mechanical tunneling and application; quantum mechanics of a particle in a "box," the hydrogen atom; electronic spin; properties of many electron atoms; atomic spectra; principles of lasers and applications; electrons in solids; conductors and semiconductors; the n-p junction and the transistor; properties of atomic nuclei; radioactivity; fusion and fission. Spring Semester.
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This course is meant as the first in a two-course sequence on non-relativistic quantum mechanics for physics graduate students, with an emphasis on applications to atomic, molecular, and solid state physics. Undergraduate students may take this course as a Technical Elective. Topics covered include: review of Schrödinger wave mechanics; operator algebra, theory of representation, and matrix mechanics; symmetries in quantum mechanics; spin and formal theory of angular momentum, including addition of angular momentum; and approximation methods for stationary problems, including time independent perturbation theory, WKB approximation, and variational methods. Typical text: Quantum Mechanics by E. Merzbacher.
Prerequisites:
PEP 532 PEP 538 Introduction to Mechanics
(3-0-3)(Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Particle motion in one dimension. Simple harmonic oscillators. Motion in two and three dimensions, kinematics, work and energy, conservative forces, central forces, and scattering. Systems of particles, linear and angular momentum theorems, collisions, linear spring systems, and normal modes. Lagrange’s equations and applications to simple systems. Introduction to moment of inertia tensor and to Hamilton’s equations.
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Introduction to Quantum Mechanics
(3-0-3)(Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
This course is an introduction to quantum mechanics for students in physics and engineering. Techniques discussed include solutions of the Schrodinger equation in one and three dimensions, and operator and matrix methods. Applications include infinite and finite quantum wells, barrier penetration and scattering in one dimension, the harmonic oscillator, angular momentum, central force problems, including the hydrogen atom, and spin. Fall semester. Typical text: Quantum Physics by Gasiorowicz
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Kinetic theory: ideal gases, distribution functions, Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, Boltzmann equation, H-theorem and entropy, and simple transport theory. Thermodynamics: review of first and second laws, thermodynamic potentials, Legendre transformation, and phase transitions. Elementary statistical mechanics: introduction to microcanonical, canonical, and grand canonical distributions, partition functions, simple applications, including ideal Maxwell-Boltzmann, Einstein-Bose, and Fermi-Dirac gases, paramagnetic systems, and blackbody radiation. Typical text: Reif, Statistical and Thermal Physics. Fall semester.
Prerequisites:
MA 221 Differential Equations
(4-0-4)(Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Ordinary differential equations of first and second order, homogeneous and non-homogeneous equations; improper integrals, Laplace transforms; review of infinite series, series solutions of ordinary differential equations near an ordinary point; boundary-value problems; orthogonal functions; Fourier series; separation of variables for partial differential equations.
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Modern Physics
(3-0-3)(Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Simple harmonic motion, oscillations and pendulums; Fourier analysis; wave properties; wave-particle dualism; the Schrödinger equation and its interpretation; wave functions; the Heisenberg uncertainty principle; quantum mechanical tunneling and application; quantum mechanics of a particle in a "box," the hydrogen atom; electronic spin; properties of many electron atoms; atomic spectra; principles of lasers and applications; electrons in solids; conductors and semiconductors; the n-p junction and the transistor; properties of atomic nuclei; radioactivity; fusion and fission. Spring Semester.
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Principles of environmental reactions with emphasis on aquatic chemistry; reaction and phase equilibria; acid-base and carbonate systems; oxidation-reduction; colloids; organic contaminants classes, sources, and fates; groundwater chemistry; and atmospheric chemistry.
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A study of the chemical and physical operation involved in treatment of potable water, industrial process wat
er, and wastewater effluent; topics include chemical precipitation, coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, disinfection, ion exchange, oxidation, adsorption, flotation, and membrane processes. A physical-chemical treatment plant design project is an integral part of the course. The approach of unit operations and unit processes is stressed.
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Deals with aspects of the technology of processing procedures involved in the fabrication of microelectronic devices and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). Students will become familiar with various fabrication techniques used for discrete devices as well as large-scale integrated thin-film circuits. Students will also learn that MEMS are sensors and actuators that are designed using different areas of engineering disciplines and they are constructed using a microlithographically-based manufacturing process in conjunction with both semiconductor and micromachining microfabrication technologies
Prerequisites:
PEP 507 Introduction to Microelectronics and Photonics
(3-0-3)(Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
An overview of microelectronics and Photonics science and technology. It provides the student who wishes to be engaged in design, fabrication, integration, and applications in these areas with the necessary knowledge of how the different aspects are interrelated.
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This course deals with the fundamentals and applications of nanoscience and nanotechnology. Size-dependent phenomena, ways and means of designing and synthesizing nanostructures, and cutting-edging applications will be presented in an integrated and interdisciplinary manner.
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This course is an introduction to the field of Tissue Engineering. It is rapidly emerging as a therapeutic approach to treating damaged or diseased tissues in the biotechnology industry. In essence, new and functional living tissue can be fabricated using living cells combined with a scaffolding material to guide tissue development. Such scaffolds can be synthetic, natural, or a combination of both. This course will cover the advances in the field of cell biology, molecular biology, material science, and their relationship towards developing novel ‘tissue engineered’ materials.
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The goal of this course is to learn the basic concepts commonly utilized in the processing of advanced materials with specific compositions and microstructures. Solid state diffusion mechanisms are described with emphasis on the role of point defects, the mobility of diffusing atoms, and their interactions. Macroscopic diffusion phenomena are analyzed by formulating partial differential equations and presenting their solutions. The relationships between processing and microstructure are developed on the basis of the rate of nucleation and growth processes that occur during condensation, solidification, and precipitation. Diffusionless phase transformations observed in certain metallic and ceramic materials are discussed.
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This course covers the environmental and health aspects of nanotechnology. It presents an overview of nanotechnology along with characterization and properties of nanomaterials. The course material covers the biotoxicity and ecotoxicity of nanomaterials. A sizable part of the course is devoted to discussions about the application of nanotechnology for environmental remediation along with discussions about fate and transport of nanomaterials. Special emphasis is given to risk assessment and risk management of nanomaterials, ethical and legal aspects of nanotechnology, and nano-industry and nano-entrepreneurship. Prerequisites: Freshman chemistry and a course in fluid mechanics
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This course provides an overview and industrial perspectives regarding downstream separation in drug substance development and manufacturing. Basic principles and practical applications of unit operations most commonly employed in the pharmaceutical industry will be discussed, including extraction, absorption, membrane, distillation, crystallization, filtration, and drying. Examples will be discussed to illustrate the intrinsic relationship between process development, equipment selection, and scale-up success.
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Lectures, demonstrations, and laboratory experiments, selected from among the following topics, depending on student interest: vacuum technology; thin-film preparation; scanning electron microscopy; infrared spectroscopy and ellipsometry; electron spectroscopy ; Auger, photoelectron, and LEED; ion spectroscopies; SIMS, IBS, and field emission; surface properties-area, roughness, and surface tension.
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Upon completion of this course, students will be able to demonstrate an understanding of the major classes of engineering materials, their principal properties, and design requirements that serve as both the basis for materials selection, as well as for the ongoing development of new materials. This course is substantially differentiated from introductory materials courses by its very specific focus on materials whose use puts them in direct contact with physiological systems. Thus, the course begins with brief sections on inflammatory response, thrombosis, infection, and device failure. It then concentrates on developing the fundamental materials science and engineering concepts underlying the structure-property relationships in both synthetic and natural polymers, metals and alloys, and ceramics relevant to in vivo medical device technology.
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This course follows the introductory course and covers advanced topics in the design, modeling, and fabrication of micro and nano electromechanical systems. The materials will be broad and multidisciplinary including: review of micro and nano electromechanical systems, dimensional analysis and scaling, thermal, transport, fluids, microelectronics, feedback control, noise, and electromagnetism at the micro and nanoscales; the modeling of a variety of new MEMS/NEMS devices; and alternative approaches to the continuum mechanics theory. The goal will be achieved through a combination of lectures, case studies, individual homework assignments, and design projects carried out in teams.
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The course covers recent advances in macromolecular science, including polyelectrolytes and water-soluble polymers, synthetic and biological macromolecules at surfaces, self-assembly of synthetic and biological macromolecules, and polymers for biomedical applications.
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Topics at the interface of polymer chemistry and biomedical sciences, focusing on areas where polymers have made a particularly strong contribution, such as i
n biomedical sciences and pharmaceuticals . Synthesis and properties of biopolymers; biomaterials; nanotechnology smart polymers; functional applications in biotechnology, tissue and cell engineering; and biosensors and drug delivery.
Prerequisites:
CH 244
(3-0-3)(Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Continuation of CH 243; reactions of aromatic compounds; infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
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This course will provide a comprehensive introduction to the rapidly developing field of nanomedicine and discuss the application of nanoscience and nanotechnology in medicine such as, in diagnosis, imaging and therapy, surgery, and drug delivery.
Prerequisites:
NANO 600
(3-0-3)(Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
This course deals with the fundamentals and applications of nanoscience and nanotechnology. Size-dependent phenomena, ways and means of designing and synthesizing nanostructures, and cutting-edging applications will be presented in an integrated and interdisciplinary manner.
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A survey course covering the chemical, biological and material science aspects of interfacial phenomena. Applications to adhesion, biomembranes, colloidal stability, detergency, lubrication, coatings, fibers and powders - where surface properties play an important role.
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Under development.
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This course describes the application of nano- and micro-fabrication methods to build tools for exploring the mysteries of biological systems. It is a graduate-level course that will cover the basics of biology and the principles and practice of nano- and microfabrication techniques, with a focus on applications in biomedical and biological research.
Prerequisites:
NANO 600
(3-0-3)(Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
This course deals with the fundamentals and applications of nanoscience and nanotechnology. Size-dependent phenomena, ways and means of designing and synthesizing nanostructures, and cutting-edging applications will be presented in an integrated and interdisciplinary manner.
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This advanced course covers the mechanism and biological role of signal transduction in mammalian cells. Topics included are extracellular regulatory signals, intracellular signal transduction pathways, role of tissue context in the function of cellular regulation, and examples of biological processes controlled by specific cellular signal transduction pathways.
Prerequisites:
CH 381
(3-3-4)(Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
The structure and function of the cell and its subcellular organelles is studied. Biological macromolecules, enzymes, biomembranes, biological transport, bioenergetics, DNA replication, protein synthesis and secretion, motility, and cancer are covered. Cell biology experiments and interactive computer simulation exercises are conducted in the laboratory.
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(3-3-4)(Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Introduction to the study of molecular basis of inheritance. Starts with classical Mendelian genetics and proceeds to the study and function of DNA, gene expression and regulation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, genome dynamics and the role of genes in development, and cancer. All topics include discussions of current research advances. Accompanied by laboratory section that explores the lecture topics in standard wet laboratory experiments and in computer simulations.
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This course is intended to introduce the concept of electronic energy band engineering for device applications. Topics to be covered are electronic energy bands, optical properties, electrical transport properties of multiple quantum wells, superlattices, quantum wires, and quantum dots; mesoscopic systems, applications of such structures in various solid state devices, such as high electron mobility, resonant tunneling diodes, and other negative differential conductance devices, double-heterojunction injection lasers, superlattice-based infrared detectors, electron-wave devices (wave guides, couplers, switching devices), and other novel concepts and ideas made possible by nano-fabrication technology. Fall semester. Typical text: M. Jaros, Physics and Applications of Semiconductor Microstructures; G. Bastard, Wave Mechanics Applied to Semiconductor Heterostructures.
Prerequisites:
PEP 503
(3-0-3)(Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Description of simple physical models which account for electrical conductivity and thermal properties of solids. Basic crystal lattice structures, X-ray diffraction and dispersion curves for phonons and electrons in reciprocal space. Energy bands, Fermi surfaces, metals, insulators, semiconductors, superconductivity and ferromagnetism. Fall semester. Typical text: Kittel, Introduction to Solid State Physics.
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(3-0-3)(Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
This course is an introduction to quantum mechanics for students in physics and engineering. Techniques discussed include solutions of the Schrodinger equation in one and three dimensions, and operator and matrix methods. Applications include infinite and finite quantum wells, barrier penetration and scattering in one dimension, the harmonic oscillator, angular momentum, central force problems, including the hydrogen atom, and spin. Fall semester. Typical text: Quantum Physics by Gasiorowicz
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This course deals with the principles of light interactions with biological and biomedical-relevant systems. The enabling aspects of nanotechnology for advanced biosensing, medical diagnosis, and therapeutic treatment will be discussed.
Prerequisites:
NANO 600
(3-0-3)(Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
This course deals with the fundamentals and applications of nanoscience and nanotechnology. Size-dependent phenomena, ways and means of designing and synthesizing nanostructures, and cutting-edging applications will be presented in an integrated and interdisciplinary manner.
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This graduate course will introduce the applications of multiscale theory and computational techniques in the fields of materials and mechanics. Students will obtain fundamental knowledge on homogenization and heterogeneous materials, and be exposed to various sequential and concurrent multiscale techniques. The first half of the course will be focused on the homogenization theory and its applications in heterogeneous materials. In the second half multiscale computational techniques will be addressed through multiscale finite element methods and atomistic/continuum computing. Students are expected to develop their own course projects based on their research interests and the relevant topics learned from the course.
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Progress in the technology of nanostructure growth; space and time scales; quantum confined systems; quantum wells, coupled wells, and superlattices; quantum wires and quantum dots; electronic states; magnetic field effects; electron-phonon interaction; and quantum transport in nanostructures: Kubo formalism and Butikker-Landau formalism; spectroscopy of quantum dots; Coulomb blockade, coupled dots, and artificial molecules; weal localization; universal conductance fluctuations; phase-breaking time; theory of open quantum systems: fluctuation-dissipation theorem; and applications to quantum transport in nanostructures.
Prerequisites:
PEP 554
(3-0-3)(Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
This course is meant as the first in a two-course sequence on non-relativistic quantum mechanics for physics graduate students, with an emphasis on applications to atomic, molecular, and solid state physics. Undergraduate students may take this course as a Technical Elective. Topics covered include: review of Schrödinger wave mechanics; operator algebra, theory of representation, and matrix mechanics; symmetries in quantum mechanics; spin and formal theory of angular momentum, including addition of angular momentum; and approximation methods for stationary problems, including time independent perturbation theory, WKB approximation, and variational methods. Typical text: Quantum Mechanics by E. Merzbacher.
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(3-0-3)(Lec-Lab-Credit Hours)
Crystal symmetry. Space-group-theory analysis of normal modes of lattice vibration, phonon dispersion relations, and Raman and infrared activity. Crystal field splitting of ion energy level and transition selection rules. Bloch theorem and calculation of electronic energy bands through tight binding and pseudopotential methods for metals and semiconductors and Fermi surfaces. Transport theory, electrical conduction, thermal properties, cyclotron resonance, de Haas van Alfen, and Hall effects. Dia-, para-, and ferro-magnetism and magnon spinwaves. Spring semester. Typical texts: Callaway, Quantum Theory of Solid State; Ashcroft and Mermin, Solid State Physics; and Kittel, Quantum Theory of Solids.
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| Pharmaceutical Process Engineering |
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This course provides an overview and industrial perspectives regarding downstream separation in drug substance development and manufacturing. Basic principles and practical applications of unit operations most commonly employed in the pharmaceutical industry will be discussed, including extraction, absorption, membrane, distillation, crystallization, filtration, and drying. Examples will be discussed to illustrate the intrinsic relationship between process development, equipment selection, and scale up success.
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Fundamentals of mixing relevant to pharmaceutical engineering, flow patterns, dead zones, components of mixers, importance of baffling, determination of flow, power, and shear rates, effect of rheology, “shaken, not stirred”, why viscosity affects more than just Reynolds numbers, continuous processing, heat transfer, suspending solids that sink or float, wetting out solids, concepts of crystallization, catalysis, mass transfer, liquid-liquid dispersions, emulsions, and separations, fermenters, hydrogenators, other gas-liquid applications, pit-falls of scale-up, why scale down is the better way to design, process intensification and solids-solids mixing.
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This course is aimed at the application of advanced process control techniques in industry with a focus on pharmaceutical, petrochemical and power distribution applications. Topics considered include: reactor and system modeling; data collection for data regression and predictive control modeling for control systems design and operations decision support are discussed and demonstrated. State and parameter estimation techniques, optimization of reactor productivity for batch, fed-batch and continuous operations and expert systems approaches to monitori
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and control are taught using standard control system programming languages. Distribution of control application functions is discussed. An overview of a complete automation project - from design to startup - of a pharmaceutical plant will be discussed.
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This course will provide a fundamental understanding, and the application of emerging and current approaches to reaction engineering and catalysis in the pharmaceutical and fine chemical industries. The course will focus on promising technologies such as enzymatic catalysis and bioreactor design, chiral synthsis and kinetics, multiphase reactions, and microreactor technology with emphasis throughout on industrially relevant reactions.
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Chemical Engineering & Materials Science Department
Dr. Henry Du, Director |
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