Today's technological world is driven by the electronics and electronic systems, developed and advanced by electrical engineers, that are found embedded in a large portion of today's commercial and consumer products. The electronic systems and subsystems (including both hardware and software components) are increasing exponentially in complexity and sophistication each year. The familiar expectation that next year's computer and communications products will be far more powerful than today's is an expectation seen in all products incorporating electronics. The high (and increasing) complexity and sophistication of these electronic products may not be seen by the casual user, but they are understood, delivered and advanced by electrical engineers. The field of electrical engineering encompasses areas such as telecommunications, data networks, signal processing, digital systems, embedded computing, intelligent systems, electronics, optoelectronics, solid-state devices and many others. The Department's program is designed to provide our electrical engineering graduates with the tools and skills necessary to understand and apply today's technologies and to become leaders in developing tomorrow's technologies and applications.

    The principles and practices of electrical engineering rest upon the broad base of fundamental science and mathematics that defines the School of Engineering's core program. A sequence of electrical engineering courses provides the student with an understanding of the major themes defining contemporary electronic systems as well as depth in the mathematics and principles of today's complex electronic systems. Students select elective courses to develop depth in areas of personal interest. In addition to electrical engineering elective courses, the student can draw upon computer engineering and other Stevens' courses to develop the skills appropriate for their career objectives. In the senior year, students complete a significant, team-based engineering design project through which they further develop their skills.

Mission and Objectives
    The mission of the undergraduate electrical engineering program in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering is to provide a balanced education in fundamental principles, design methodologies and practical experiences in electrical engineering and in general engineering topics through which the graduate can enter into and sustain a lifelong professional career of innovation and creativity.

    The overriding objective of the electrical engineering program is to provide the graduate with the skills and understanding needed to design and build innovative new products and services, which balance the rival requirements of competitive performance/cost and practical constraints imposed by available technologies.

    Graduates of the Electrical Engineering program will

• Understand the evolving electronic devices and systems from their underlying physical principles and properties.

• Design electronic devices, circuits and systems by applying underlying mathematical principles, software principles and engineering models.

• Perform effectively in team-based electronic engineering practice.

• Be proficient in the systematic explorations of alternatives for electronic systems design.

• Demonstrate compliance with professional ethics, for example, as stipulated in the IEEE Code of Ethics.

• Be proficient in the use of communications (oral presentations and written reports) to articulate their ideas effectively.

• Participate in continuing learning and self-improvement necessary for a productive career in computer engineering.

Play leadership roles in their professions.  

    One of the most rapidly growing fields today is computer engineering. This includes the design, development and application of digital and computer-based systems for the solution of modern engineering problems, as well as computer software development, data structures and algorithms, and computer communications and graphics. The department provides our computer engineering students with the tools and skills necessary to understand and apply today's technologies and to become leaders in developing tomorrow's technologies. The program prepares students to pursue professional careers in industry and government, and to continue their education in graduate school, if they choose.

    Students in the computer engineering program begin by studying the scientific foundations that are the basis for all engineering. Specialized electrical engineering, computer engineering and computer science courses follow, providing depth in the many issues related to computers, data networks, information systems and related topics used in contemporary commercial and industrial applications. Students may direct their interests into areas such as computer and information systems, software/software engineering, and computer architectures and digital systems. In addition to computer engineering courses, the student can draw upon electrical engineering and computer science courses to develop the skills appropriate for their career objectives. In the senior year, students have the opportunity to participate in an actual engineering design project which is taken directly from a current industrial or commercial application.

    The mission of the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) is to provide students with the tools and skills necessary to understand and apply today's technologies and to become leaders in developing tomorrow's technologies and applications. To this end, programs have been developed to ensure that students receive both fundamental knowledge in basic concepts and an understanding of current and emerging/future technologies and applications.

    The Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) department offers the degrees of Master of Engineering (Electrical Engineering), Master of Engineering (Computer Engineering), Master of Engineering (Networked Information Systems), the degree of Electrical Engineer and the degree of Computer Engineer. In addition, the degree of Doctor of Philosophy is offered in Electrical Engineering and in Computer Engineering.

    The faculty engage in a variety of research efforts such as telecommunications, data networks, information systems, wireless networks including architectures and principles, signal processing including communications applications, channel/signal estimation and detection, image processing and coding for images and video, multimedia systems and environments, computational system architectures, reconfigurable systems, secure data communications, network analysis and modeling, optical communication systems and low power mobile systems.

    The Master's degree requires completion of a total of 30 hours of credit. Each student must complete the three core courses and must complete the course requirements for one of the electrical engineering concentrations. Elective courses are to be chosen from among the EE, CpE and NIS numbered graduate courses in this catalog. An elective course not in the CpE, EE or NIS numbered courses may be taken, with the approval of the student's academic advisor. A maximum of two elective courses not listed in the ECE program may be taken with the approval of the academic advisor.

Electrical Engineering Core Courses:

EE 602 Analytical Methods in Electrical Engineering
EE 603 Linear Systems Theory
EE 605 Probability and Stochastic Processes I

Electrical Engineering Concentrations:
    Those students selecting one of the departmental concentration areas must complete a three-course concentration sequence appropriate for any one of the following concentration areas. Recommended courses are listed with each concentration. (Approval by the student's advisor is required to substitute another course for a listed course.)

Computer Architectures and Digital Systems

CpE 514 Computer Architecture
CpE 643 Logic Design of Digital Systems I
CpE 690 Introduction to VLSI Design

Microelectronic Devices and Systems

EE 503 Introduction to Solid State Physics
EE 619 Solid State Devices
CpE 690 Introduction to VLSI Design

Signal Processing for Communications

EE 609 Communication Theory
EE 613 Digital Signal Processing for Communications
EE 616 Signal Detection and Estimation for Communications
EE 663 Digital Signal Processing I

Telecommunications Systems Engineering

EE 606 Probability and Stochastic Processes II
EE 609 Communication Theory
EE 610 Error Control Coding for Networks
EE 670 Information Theory and Coding
CpE 655 Queuing Systems with Computer Applications I

Wireless Communications

EE 583 Wireless Systems Overview
EE 585 Physical Design of Wireless Systems
EE 586 Wireless Networking: Architectures, Protocols and Standards
EE 584 Wireless Systems Security
EE 651 Spread Spectrum and CDMA
EE 653 Cross-layer design for wireless networks

Interdepartmental Concentration in Microelectronics and Photonics Science and Technology:
    Students selecting this concentration must complete the core course and three of the concentration's allowed elective courses listed below (see asterisk note).

Concentration Core Course:

EE 507 Introduction to Microelectronics and Photonics

Allowed Concentration Electives:

CpE 690 Introduction to VLSI Design*
EE 626 Optical Communication Systems*
EE 585 Physical Design of Wireless Systems*
MT 562 Solid State Electronics II
MT 595 Reliability and Failure of Solid State Devices
MT 596 Microfabrication Techniques
PEP 503 Introduction to Solid State Physics
PEP 515 Photonics I
PEP 516 Photonics II
PEP 561 Solid State Electronics I

    * These courses do not count towards the Microelectronics and Photonics concentration for ECE students (they do count as electives for the full Master's program).

    For further information on recommended elective courses under each concentration, refer to the Computer Engineering graduate program brochure, the ECE web page or consult with an academic advisor.

    The Master's degree requires completion of a total of 30 hours of credit. Each student must complete the three core courses and must complete the course requirements for one of the computer engineering concentrations. Elective courses are to be chosen from among the CpE, EE and NIS numbered graduate courses in this catalog. An elective course not in the CpE, EE or NIS numbered courses may be taken, with the approval of the student's academic advisor. A maximum of two elective courses not listed in the ECE program may be taken with the approval of the academic advisor.

Computer Engineering Core Courses (Select three of the following courses)

CpE 593 Applied Data Structures & Algorithms
EE 612 Principles of Multimedia Compression
CpE 645 Image Processing & Computer Vision
CpE 654 Design & Analysis of Network Systems
CpE 690 Introduction to VLSI Systems Design

Computer Engineering Concentrations Courses:
    Each student must complete a three-course concentration sequence appropriate for any one of the following concentration areas. Recommended courses are listed with each concentration. A course used as a core course can not be used also to satisfy the requirement for three courses in a concentration.  (Approval by the student's advisor is required to substitute another course for a listed course.)

Computer Systems

CpE 540 Fundamentals of Quantitative Software Engineering I
CpE 644 Logical Design of Digital Systems II
CpE 654 Design and Analysis of Network Systems
EE 653 Cross-Layer Design for Wireless Networks

Data Communications and Networks

CpE 565 Management of Local Area Networks
NIS 584 Wireless Systems Security
CpE 654 Design and Analysis of Network Systems
CpE 678 Information Networks I
CpE 655 Queuing Systems with Computer Applications I
EE 653 Cross-Layer Design for Wireless Networks

Digital Systems Design

CpE 621 Analysis and Design of Real-time Systems
CpE 644 Logical Design of Digital Systems II
CpE 690 Introduction to VLSI Systems Design

Engineered Software Systems

CpE 540 Fundamentals of Quantitative Software Engineering I
CS 561 Database Management Systems I
CS 520 Introduction to Operating Systems

Image Processing and Multimedia

CpE 558 Computer Vision
CpE 591 Introduction to Multimedia Networking
CpE 645 Image Processing and Computer Vision
CpE 636 Integrated Services - Multimedia
EE 612 Principles of Multimedia Compression

Information Systems

NIS 584 Wireless Systems Security
CpE 591 Introduction to Multimedia Networking
CpE 636 Integrated Services - Multimedia
CpE 645 Image Processing and Computer Vision
CpE 563 Networked Systems Design: Principles and Practices

Information Systems Security

EE 584 Wireless Systems Security
CpE 591 Introduction to Multimedia Networking
CpE 668 Foundations of Cryptography
CpE 691 Information Systems Security
CpE 678 Information Networks I

    For further information on recommended elective courses under each concentration, refer to the Computer Engineering graduate program brochure, the ECE web page or consult with an academic advisor.

    The Master's degree requires completion of a total of 30 hours of credit. Each student must complete NIS 560 and two of the other five listed core courses and must complete the course requirements for one of the networked information systems concentrations. Elective courses are to be chosen from among the NIS, CpE and EE numbered graduate courses in this catalog. Under special circumstances, an elective course not in the CpE, EE or NIS numbered courses may be taken, with the approval of the student's academic advisor. A maximum of two elective courses not listed in the ECE program may be used for the Master's degree with approval of the academic advisor.

Networked Information Systems Core Courses (three required)

NIS 560 Introduction to Networked Information Systems and choose two of the following:
    NIS 654 Design and Analysis of Network Systems
    NIS 591 Introduction to Multimedia Networking
    NIS 678 Information Networks I
    NIS 691 Information Systems Security
    NIS 565 Management of Local Area Networks

Networked Information Systems Concentrations:
    Each student must complete a three-course concentration sequence appropriate for any one of the following concentration areas. Recommended courses are listed with each concentration.  A course used as a core course can not be used also to satisfy the requirement for three courses in a concentration. (Approval by the student's advisor is required to substitute another course for a listed course.)

    To be admitted to the electrical engineer or to the computer engineer program, the student must have a master's degree in electrical engineering or computer engineering with a minimum grade point average (GPA) of 3.0 on a 4.0 scale and the agreement of at least one regular faculty member in the department who expresses a willingness to serve as project advisor. Outstanding applicants with degrees in other disciplines may be admitted subject to demonstration of the technical background expected (perhaps with the requirement for completion of appropriate ramp courses or their equivalents with a grade of "B" or better). Such applicants, as well as applicants with significant career experiences but not satisfying the primary requirements, will be determined on an individual basis depending on the student's background.

    At least 30 credits beyond the master's degree are required for the Engineer Degree. At least eight, but not more than fifteen credits, must be in the design project. The project courses for EE and CpE are EE 950 and CpE 950, respectively. An ECE faculty advisor and at least two faculty members must supervise the project; one must be a regular member of the faculty in the ECE department. A written report and oral presentation are required.

    The Ph.D. degree requires 90 credits. A maximum of 30 credits can be applied toward the 90-credit requirement of the Ph.D. from a previous master's degree or from any other graduate courses subject to the approval of the advisor. All Ph.D. candidates must take at least 30 credits of thesis work and at least 20 credits of course work at Stevens beyond the master's degree. Courses counting towards the Ph.D. degree are expected to be taken from the ECE catalog courses (approval by the student's advisor is required to apply courses outside the ECE program to the Ph.D. degree).

    All Ph.D. candidates must pass the written Ph.D. qualifying examination. Students may take the qualifying examination only twice. Failure to pass the qualifying examination in the second attempt will result in dismissal from the Ph.D. program.

    After the student has successfully completed the qualifying examination, s/he must arrange for an advisor to assist in the development of a thesis proposal. The advisor must be a full-time ECE professor or professor emeritus. Once a suitable topic has been found and agreed upon with the advisor, the student must prepare a thesis proposal. This thesis proposal should be completed and defended within one year of passing the Ph.D. qualifying examination. The proposal must indicate the direction that the thesis will take and procedures that will be used to initiate the research. Ordinarily, some preliminary results are included in the proposal. In addition, the proposal must indicate that the student is familiar with the research literature in his/her area. To this end, the proposal must include the results of a thorough literature search. A committee of at least three faculty members must accept the written thesis proposal. The committee chairperson is the thesis advisor. The other two members should be ECE department faculty. After the written proposal has been accepted, the examination committee conducts an oral defense. At this defense, the student presents his/her proposal.

    All Ph.D. candidates who are working on a thesis must have a thesis committee chaired by the thesis advisor and consisting of at least four members. The thesis advisor and at least two other members must be full-time faculty members or professors emeritus of the ECE department. In addition, there must be one member who is a regular faculty member within another department at Stevens. It is permissible and desirable to have as a committee member a highly-qualified person from outside of Stevens. The committee must approve the completed thesis unanimously. After the thesis has been completed, it must be publicly defended.

Digital Systems and VLSI Design

CpE 514 Computer Architecture
CpE 643 Logical Design of Digital Systems I
CpE 644 Logical Design of Digital Systems II
CpE 621 Analysis and Design of Real-time Systems
CpE 690 Introduction to VLSI Systems Design

Satellite Communications Engineering (Interdepartmental with Physics and Engineering Physics)

EE 587 Microwave Engineering I or EE 787 Applied Antenna Theory
EE 611 Digital Communications Engineering
EE 620 Reliability Engineering
EE 674 Satellite Communications
EE 740 Selected Topics in Communication Theory

Wireless Communications

EE 583 Wireless Systems Overview (required)
(Select 3 of the following courses)
EE 585 Physical Design of Wireless Systems
EE 586 Wireless Networking: Architectures, Protocols and Standards
EE 584 Wireless Systems Security
EE 651 CDMA and Spread Spectrum
EE 653 Cross-Layer Design for Wireless Networks

Integrated Product Development
    The Integrated Product Development degree is an integrated Master's of Engineering degree program. The core courses emphasize the design, manufacture, implementation, and life-cycle issues of engineering systems. The remaining courses provide a disciplinary focus. The program embraces and balances qualitative as well as quantitative aspects and utilizes state-of-the-art tools and methodologies. It aims to educate students in problem-solving methodologies, modeling, analysis, simulation and technical management. The program trains engineers in relevant software applications and their productive deployment and integration in the workplace. For a detailed description of this program, please see the Interdisciplinary Programs section.

Electrical and Computer Engineering Track
    The track in Electrical and Computer Engineering emphasizes the major themes intrinsic to design, manufacture and implementation of electronic systems as well as the transmission of signals and information in a digital format, emergent hardware principles, software integration and data manipulation algorithms. Mathematical principles underlie all aspects of engineered systems and a solid background in such principles is emphasized. Today's systems also reflect an integration of several means of manipulating signals, ranging from traditional analog filters to advanced digital signal processing techniques. The three courses that are common to Electrical and Computer Engineering emphasize the above. The remaining three courses can be either in Electrical Engineering, which emphasizes core principles guiding the design, manufacture and implementation of today's diverse set of electronic systems or in Computer Engineering, which provides a background in the principles and practices related to data/information systems design and implementation.

EE 585 Physical Design of Wireless Systems
EE 605 Probability and Stochastic Processes I
EE 602 Analytical Methods in Electrical Engineering
EE 603 Linear Systems Theory
EE 605 Probability and Stochastic Processes I
CpE 514 Computer Architectures
CpE 643 Logical Design of Digital Systems I

    Laboratory facilities in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering are used for course-related teaching and special problems, design projects and research. Students are exposed to a range of practical problems in laboratory assignments. Research laboratories are also heavily involved in both undergraduate and graduate education with special project and dissertation projects. All research laboratories serve this dual-use function. Thematic areas below are supported by multiple laboratory facilities, with faculty members associated with the thematic laboratories coordinating their activities and facilities.

Wireless Systems Laboratories
    The Wireless Systems Laboratories highlight the design and engineering of advanced wireless systems, including cellular and PCS telephony, wireless LANs, satellite communications and application-specific wireless links. Research includes the application of advanced signal processing algorithms and technologies to wireless communication systems. A major motivation of wireless communications is the elimination of a physical wire connected to the user's system. In the case of computer communications (e.g., LAN and modem capabilities), the transition to wireless connections allows the realization of true "any place" connectivity to data communications services.

Signal Processing in Communications Laboratory
    Communication systems rely on extensive signal processing of signals, in preparation for their transmission, to correct for distortions of the signal during transmission, and to extract the original signal from the received signal. Digital signal processing is an important enabler of contemporary communication systems, providing the flexibility and reliability of computational algorithms to provide a wide variety of operations on signals. The Signal Processing in Communications Laboratories focus on advances in the underlying principles of signal processing and on the application of signal processing to contemporary communication systems.

Image Processing & Multimedia Laboratories
    The high computing power and large data storage capabilities of contemporary computer systems, along with the high data rates of today's data networks, have made practical many sophisticated techniques used for 2- and 3-dimensional images and video. The Image Processing & Multimedia Laboratories highlight advances in the underlying image processing and computer vision algorithms that serve as foundations for a wide range of applications. Related to these visual environments is the general area of multimedia, combining visual, audio and other sensory information within an integrated framework.  Themes related to secure information are also explored.

Secure Network Systems Design Laboratory
    Today's extensive use of electronic information systems (including data networks, data storage systems, digital computers, etc.) has revolutionized both commercial and personal access to information and exchange of information. However, serious issues appear in the security of information, assurance of the end user's identity, protection of the information system, etc. The Secure Network Systems Design Laboratory provides both physical testbeds and computer systems/resources for exploration of this broad issue.

Electrical Engineering

E 245 Circuits and Systems
(2-3-3)
Ideal circuit elements, Kirchoff laws and nodal analysis, source transformations, Thevenin/Norton theorems, operational amplifiers, response of RC, RL and RLC circuits, sinusoidal sources and steady state analysis, analysis in the frequency domain, average and RMS power, linear and ideal transformers, linear models for transistors and diodes, analysis in the s-domain, Laplace transforms, transfer functions. Prerequisite: PEP 102 or PEP 112. Corequisite: Ma 221.

E 246 Electronics and Instrumentation
(3-0-3)
Signal acquisition procedures; instrumentation components; electronic amplifiers; signal conditioning; low-pass, high-pass and band-pass filters; A/D converters and antialiasing filters; embedded control and instrumentation; microcontrollers; digital and analog I/O; instruments for measuring physical quantities such as motion, force, torque, temperature, pressure, etc.; FFT and elements of modern spectral analysis; random signals; standard deviation and bias. Prerequisite: E 245.

EE 250 Mathematics for Electrical Engineers
(3-0-3)
Introduction to logic, methods of proof, proof by induction, and the pigeonhole principle with applications to logic design. Analytic functions of a complex variable, Cauchy-Riemann equations, Taylor series. Integration in the complex plane, Cauchy Integreal formula Liouville's theorem, maximum modulus theorem. Laurent series, residues, the residue theorem. Applications to system theory, Laplace transforms, and transmission lines. Prerequisite: Ma 221.

EE 291 Supplemental Topics in Circuits and Systems
(1-0-1)
Additional work for transfer students to cover topics omitted from Circuits and Systems courses taken elsewhere. This additional work is usually specified as completion of particular PSI modules. A grade of pass/fail is assigned for this course, and students who pass receive full transfer of credit for the appropriate course. Failures are noted on the student's record and the student is required to enroll in the full course at Stevens.

EE 322 Engineering Design VI
(1-3-2)
This course addresses the general topic of selection, evaluation and design of a project concept, emphasizing the principles of team-based projects and the stages of project development. Techniques to acquire information related to the state-of-the-art concepts and components impacting the project, evaluation of alternative approaches and selection of viable solutions based on appropriate cost factors, presentation of proposed projects at initial, intermediate and final stages of development, and related design topics. Students are encouraged to use this experience to prepare for the senior design project courses. Corequisite: EE 345.

EE 345 Modeling and Simulation
(3-0-3)
Development of deterministic and non-deterministic models for physical systems, engineering applications and simulation tools for deterministic and non-deterministic systems. Case studies and projects.

EE 348 System Theory
(3-0-3)
An introduction to the mathematical methods used in the study of communications systems with practical applications. Fourier transforms, discrete and fast. Functions of a complex variable. Laplace and Z transforms. Prerequisites: E 245, EE 250.

EE 359 Electronic Circuits
(3-0-3)
Design of differential amplifiers using BJTs or FETs, design of output stages (class B and class AB), output and input impedance of differential amplifiers, frequency response. Feedback amplifiers, Nyquist criteria, Nyquist plots and root loci, bode plots, gain/phase margins and application in compensation for operational amplifiers, oscillators, tuned amplifiers and filters (passive and active). A suitable circuit analysis package is used for solving many of the problems. Prerequisite: E 246.

EE 423 Engineering Design VII
(0-8-3)
Senior design course. The development of design skills and engineering judgment, based upon previous and current course and laboratory experience, is accomplished by participation in a design project. Projects are selected in areas of current interest such as communication and control systems, signal processing, and hardware and software design for computer-based systems. To be taken during the student's last fall semester as an undergraduate student. It includes the two-credit core module on Entrepreneurial Analysis of Engineering Design (E 421) during the first semester.

EE 424 Engineering Design VIII
(0-8-3)
A continuation of EE 423 in which the design is implemented and demonstrated. This includes the completion of a prototype (hardware and/or software), testing and demonstrating performance, and evaluating the results. To be taken during the student's last spring semester as an undergraduate student. Prerequisite: EE 423.

EE 440 Current Topics in Electrical and Computer Engineering
(3-0-3)
This course consists of lectures designed to explore a topic of contemporary interest from the perspective of current research and development. In addition to lectures by the instructors and discussions led by students, the course includes talks by professionals working in the topic being studied. When appropriate, team-based design projects are included. Cross-listed with CpE 440.

EE 441 Introduction to Wireless Systems
(3-0-3)
Review of history, concepts and technologies of wireless communications; Explanations and mathematical models for analyzing and designing wireless systems; Description of various wireless systems, including cellular systems, wireless local area networks and satellite-based communication systems; Wireless design projects using Matlab, LabView and software defined radio. Prerequisite: EE 423. Cross-listed with CpE 441.

EE 448 Digital Signal Processing
(3-0-3)
Introduction to the theory and design of digital signal processing systems. Include sampling, linear convolution, impulse response, and difference equations; discrete-time Fourier transform, DFT/FFT, circular convolution, and Z-transform; frequency response, magnitude, phase and group delays; ideal filters, linear-phase FIR filters, all-pass filters, minimum-phase, and inverse systems; digital processing of continuous-time signals. Prerequisite: EE 348.

EE 465 Introduction to Communication Systems
(3-0-3)
Review of probability, random processes, signals and systems; continuous-wave modulation including AM, DSB-SC, SSB, FM and PM; superheterodyne receiver; noise analysis; pulse modulation including PAM, PPM, PDM and PCM; quantization and coding; delta modulation, linear prediction, and DPCM; baseband digital transmission, matched filter, and error rate analysis; passband digital transmission including ASK, PSK, and FSK. Prerequisite: E 243, EE 348.

EE 471 Transport Phenomena in Solid State Devices
(4-0-4)
Introduction to the underlying phenomena and operation of solid state electronic, magnetic and optical devices essential in the functioning of computers, communications and other systems currently being designed by engineers and scientists. Charge carrier concentrations and their transport are analyzed from both microscopic and macroscopic viewpoints, carrier drift due to electric and magnetic fields in solid state devices are formulated, and optical energy absorption and emission is related to the energy levels in solid-state materials. Diffusion, generation and recombination of charge carriers are combined with carrier drift to produce a continuity equation for the analysis of solid state devices. Explanations and models of the operation of PN, metal-oxide, metal-oxide-semiconductor, heterostructure junctions are used to describe diode, transistor, photodiode, laser, integrated circuit and other device operation. Prerequisite: E 246.

EE 473 Electromagnetic Fields
(3-0-3)
Introduction to electromagnetic fields and applications. Vector calculus: orthogonal coordinates, gradient, divergence, curl, Stoke's and divergence theorems. Electrostatics: charge, Coulomb's and Gauss' laws, potential, conductors and dielectrics, dipole fields, stored energy and power dissipation, resistance and capacitance, polarization, boundary conditions, LaPlace's and Poisson's equations. Magnetostatics: Biot-Savart's and Ampere's laws, scalar and vector potentials, polarization, magnetic materials, stored energy, boundary conditions, inductance, magnetic circuits, force. Time-dependent Maxwell's equations: displacement current, constitutive relations, isotropic and anisotropic media, force, boundary conditions, time-dependent Poynting vector and power. Circuit theory of transmission lines, transient response, multiple reflections. Prerequisite: Ma 227.

EE 474 Microwave Systems
(3-0-3)
Complex scalars and vectors, sinusoidal steady-state, complex Maxwell's equations and complex Poynting's theorem. Propagation of plane waves: complex vector wave equation, loss-less transmission line analogy, sinusoidal steady-state, frequency, wavelength, and velocity, polarity, lossy media, radiation pressure, group velocity, reflection and refraction. Snell's law, Brewster angle, field theory of transmission lines, TEM waves, sinusoidal steady-state transmission line theory, traveling and standing waves, Smith Chart, matching power flow, lossy lines, circuit and field theory. Waveguides: TE and TM modes in general guides, propagation constant and wave impedance, separation of variables, rectangular and cylindrical guides, representation of wavelength fields by plane wave components, propagation and cutoff (evanescent) modes, Poynting vector, dielectric guides, losses. Waveguide resonators. Antennas: scalar and vector potentials, wave equations, spherical coordinates, electric and magnetic dipole antennas, aperture antennas. Microwave electronics, traveling wave tubes. Prerequisite: EE 473.

EE 475 Advanced Communication Systems
(3-0-3)
Information theory and coding. Error control coding: CRCs, trellis codes, convolutional codes and Viterbi decoding. Quantization and digitization of speech: PCM, ADPCM, DM, LPC and VSELP algorithms. Carrier recovery and synchronization. Multiplexers: TDM and FDM hierarchies. Echo cancelers, equalizers and scrambler/unscramblers. Spread spectrum communication systems. Mobile communications: digital cellular communication systems and PCs Encryption techniques. Introduction to computer communications networks. Prerequisite: EE 465.

EE 478 Control Systems
(3-0-3)
Introduction to the theory and design of linear feedback and control systems in both digital and analog form, review of z-transform and Laplace transforms, time domain performance error of feedback systems, PID controller, frequency domain stability including Nyquist stability in both analog and digital form, frequency domain performance criteria and design such as via the gain and phase plots, state variable analysis of linear dynamical systems, elementary concepts of controllability and observability and stability via state space methods, pole placement and elements of state variable design for single-input single-output systems. Prerequisite: EE 348.

EE 480 Optical Fiber Communication Systems
(3-0-3)
Relevant characteristics of optical fibers, sources (LED and laser diodes) and photodetectors (PIN, APD) are introduced to provide the background for optical fiber communication system design. Subsystems design deals with optical transmitters, optical receivers and optical components (switches, couplers, multiplexers and demultiplexers). Optical fiber systems design and applications include long-haul optical transmission systems, local area networks, coherent optical communication and future trends. Prerequisite: EE 473.

EE 485-486 Research in Electrical Engineering I-II
(0-8-3) (0-8-3)
Individual investigation of a substantive character taken at the undergraduate level under the guidance of a faculty advisor leading to a thesis with a public defense. The student's thesis committee consists of the faculty advisor and one or more readers. Prior approval from the faculty advisor and the Department Director is required. Hours to be arranged with the faculty advisor. For information regarding a Degree with Thesis, see the "Academic Procedures, Requirements and Advanced Degrees" section of this catalog.

    All Graduate courses are 3 credits except where noted.

Electrical Engineering

EE 503 Introduction to Solid State Physics
Description of simple physical models which account for electrical conductivity and thermal properties of solids. Basic crystal lattice structure, X-ray diffraction and dispersion curves for phonons and electrons in reciprocal space. Energy bands, Fermi surfaces, metals, insulators and semiconductors, superconductivity and ferromagnetism. Cross-listed with PEP 503 and MT 503.

EE 507 Introduction to Microelectronics and Photonics
An overview of Microelectronics and Photonics Science and Technology. It provides the student who wishes to specialize in the application, physics or fabrication with the necessary knowledge of how the different aspects are interrelated. It is taught in three modules: design and applications, taught by EE faculty; operation of electronic and photonic devices, taught by Physics faculty; fabrication and reliability, taught by the Materials faculty. Cross-listed with PEP 507 and MT 507.

EE 509 Intermediate Waves and Optics
The general study of field phenomena; scattering and vector fields and waves; dispersion, phase and group velocity; interference, diffraction and polarization; coherence and correlation; geometric and physical optics. Cross-listed with PEP 509.

EE 510 Introduction to Radar Systems
The radar equation for pulses, signal to noise ratio, target cross section and antenna parameters; Doppler radar, CW radar, multifrequency CW radar, FM radar and chirp radar; tracking and acquisition radar, radar wave propagation; transmitter and receiver design; interference considerations.

EE 515-516 Photonics I,II
This course will cover topics encompassing the fundamental subject matter for the design of optical systems. Topics will include optical system analysis, optical instrument analysis, applications of thin-film coatings and opto-mechanical system design in the first term. The second term will cover the subjects of photometry and radiometry, spectrographic and spectrophotometric systems, infrared radiation measurement and instrumentation, lasers in optical systems and photon-electron conversion. Prerequisite: PEP 209 or PEP 509. Cross-listed with PEP 515-516 and MT 515-516.

EE 541 Physics of Gas Discharges
Charged particle motion in electric and magnetic fields; electron and ion emission; ion-surface interaction; electrical breakdown in gases; dark discharges and DC glow discharges; confined discharge; AC, RF and microwave discharges; arc discharges, sparks and corona discharges; non-thermal gas discharges at atmospheric pressure; discharge and low-temperature plasma generation. Typical texts: J.R. Roth, Industrial Plasma Engineering: Principles, Vol.1, and Y.P. Raizer, Gas discharge Physics. Cross-listed with PEP 541.

EE 542 Electromagnetism
Electrostatics; Coulomb-Gauss law; Poisson-Laplace equations; boundary value problems; image techniques, dielectric media; magnetostatics; multipole expansion, electromagnetic energy, electromagnetic induction, Maxwell's equations, electromagnetic waves, waves in bounded regions, wave equations and retarded solutions, simple dipole antenna radiation theory, transformation law of electromagnetic fields. Spring semester. Typical text: Reitz, Milford and Christy, Foundation of Electromagnetic Theory. Cross-listed with PEP 542.

EE 561 Solid State Electronics for Engineering I
This course introduces fundamentals of semiconductors and basic building blocks of semiconductor devices that are necessary for understanding semiconductor device operations. It is for first-year graduate students and upper-class undergraduate students in electrical engineering, applied physics, engineering physics, optical engineering and materials engineering who have no previous exposure to solid state physics and semiconductor devices. Topics covered will include description of crystal structures and bonding; introduction to statistical description of electron gas; free-electron theory of metals; motion of electrons in periodic lattices-energy bands; Fermi levels; semiconductors and insulators; electrons and holes in semiconductors; impurity effects; generation and recombination; mobility and other electrical properties of semiconductors; thermal and optical properties; p-n junctions; metal-semiconductor contacts. Cross-listed with PEP 561 and MT 561.

EE 562 Solid State Electronics for Engineering II
This course introduces operating principles and develops models of modern semiconductor devices that are useful in the analysis and design of integrated circuits. Topics covered include: charge carrier transport in semiconductors; diffusion and drift; injection and lifetime; p-n junction devices; bipolar junction transistors; metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors and high electron mobility transistors; microwave devices; light-emitting diodes, semiconductor lasers and photodetectors; integrated devices. Cross-listed with PEP 562 and MT 562.

EE 583 Wireless Systems Overview
An overview of the main themes impacting wireless communication systems. Recent, present and future generation wireless systems; cell-based systems; TDMA, FDMA and CDMA approaches for wireless; mobile communications and system control; wireless LANs; wireless channels (multipath, fading, Doppler shifts, etc.); signal transmission in various physical environments (urban, rural, building); 3G digital wireless systems; principles of receiver and transmitter architectures; interference and noise effects; digital signal processing in wireless systems; contrasts between wireless and wireline communications for major applications. Cross-listed with NIS 583.

EE 584 Wireless Systems Security
Wireless systems and their unique vulnerabilities to attack; system security issues in the context of wireless systems, including satellite, terrestrial microwave, military tactical communications, public safety, cellular and wireless LAN networks; security topics: confidentiality/privacy, integrity, availability, and control of fraudulent usage of networks. Issues addressed include jamming, interception and means to avoid them. Case studies and student projects are an important component of the course. Cross-listed with NIS 584 and TM 684.

EE 585 Physical Design of Wireless Systems
Physical design of wireless communication systems, emphasizing present and next generation architectures. Impact of non-linear components on performance; noise sources and effects; interference; optimization of receiver and transmitter architectures; individual components (LNAs, power amplifiers, mixers, filters, VCOs, phase-locked loops, frequency synthesizers, etc.); digital signal processing for adaptable architectures; analog-digital converters; new component technologies (SiGe, MEMS, etc.); specifications of component performance; reconfigurability and the role of digital signal processing in future generation architectures; direct conversion; RF packaging; minimization of power dissipation in receivers. Cross-listed with PEP 585 and MT 585.

EE 586 Wireless Networking: Architectures, Protocols and Standards
This course addresses the fundamentals of wireless networking, including architectures, protocols and standards. It describes concepts, technology and applications of wireless networking as used in current and next-generation wireless networks. It explains the engineering aspects of network functions and designs. Issues such as mobility management, wireless enterprise networks, GSM, network signaling, WAP, mobile IP and 3G systems are covered. Cross-listed with NIS 586 and TM 586.

EE 587 Microwave Engineering I
A study of microwave techniques at both the component and system level. Topics include wave propagation and transmission, uniform and non-uniform transmission lines, rectangular and circular waveguide, losses, microstrip, waveguide excitation, modal expansion of waveguide fields, perturbation theory, ferrites, scattering parameters for lumped and distributed systems, general theory of microwave junctions waveguide components including tee's, circulators, isolators, phase shifters, splitters, directional couplers. Prerequisite: EE 542 or equivalent.

EE 588 Microwave Engineering II
A more advanced treatment of microwave systems. Topics include coupled mode theory, periodic structures, cavities, cavity excitation and perturbation, circuit representations, broadband matching, microwave filter theory, antenna theory, including various types of wire antennas, horns, dishes, antenna arrays, phased arrays, sources, detectors, modulators, limiters, optical-microwave interaction, microwave signal processing. Topics may vary to accommodate specific interests. Prerequisite: EE 587.

EE 595 Reliability and Failure of Solid State Devices
This course deals with the electrical, chemical, environmental and mechanical driving forces that compromise the integrity and lead to the failure of electronic materials and devices. Both chip and packaging level failures will be modeled physically and quantified statistically in terms of standard reliability mathematics. On the packaging level, thermal stresses, solder creep, fatigue and fracture, contact relaxation, corrosion and environmental degradation will be treated. Prerequisite: EE 507. Cross-listed with MT 595 and PEP 595.

EE 596 Micro-Fabrication Techniques
Deals with aspects of the technology of processing procedures involved in the fabrication of microelectronic devices and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). Students will become familiar with various fabrication techniques used for discrete devices as well as large-scale integrated thin-film circuits. Students will also learn that MEMS are sensors and actuators that are designed using different areas of engineering disciplines and they are constructed using a microlithographically-based manufacturing process in conjunction with both semiconductor and micromachining microfabrication technologies. Prerequisite: EE 507. Cross-listed with MT 596 and PEP 596.

EE 602 Analytical Methods in Electrical Engineering
The theory of linear algebra with application to state space analysis. Topics include Cauchy-Binet and Laplace determinant theorems, system of linear equations; linear transformations, basis and rank; Gaussian elimination; LU and congruent transformations; Gramm-Schmidt; eigenvalues, eigenvectors and similarity transformations; canonical forms; functions of matrices; singular value decomposition; generalized inverses; norm of a matrix; polynomial matrices; matrix differential equations; state space; controllability and observability.

EE 603 Linear System Theory
Fourier transforms; distribution theory; Gibbs phenomena; Shannon sampling; Poisson sums; discrete and fast Fourier transforms; Laplace transforms; z-transforms; uncertainty principle; Hilbert transform; computation of inverse transforms by contour integration; stability and realization theory of linear, time invariant, continuous and discrete systems.

EE 605 Probability and Stochastic Processes I
Axioms of probability. Discrete and continuous random variables. Functions of random variables. Expectations. Moments, characteristic functions and moment generating functions. Inequalities, convergence concepts and limit theorems. Central limit theorem. Characterization of simple stochastic processes. Cross-listed with NIS 605.

EE 606 Probability and Stochastic Processes II
Introduction and review of probability as a measure, measure theoretic notions of random variables and stochastic processes, discrete time and continuous time Markov chains, renewal process, delayed renewal process, convergence of random sequences, martingale process, stationarity, and ergodicity. Applications of these topics with examples from networked communications, wireless communications, statistical signal processing, and game theory. Prerequisite: EE 605.

EE 609 Communication Theory
Review of probability theory with applications to digital communications, digital modulation techniques, receiver design, bit error rate calculations, bandwidth efficiency calculations, convolutional encoding, bandwidth efficient coded modulation, wireless fading channel models, and shannon capacity, software simulation of communication systems.

EE 610 Error Control Coding for Networks
Error-control mechanisms; Elements of algebra; Linear block codes; Linear cyclic codes; fundamentals of convolutional codes; Viterbi decoding codes in mobile communications; Trellis-coded modulation; concatenated coding systems and turbo codes; BCH codes; Reed-Solomon codes; implementation architectures and applications of RS codes; ARQ and interleaving techniques.

EE 611 Digital Communications Engineering
Waveform characterization and modeling of speech/image sources; quantization of signals; uniform, nonuniform adaptive quantization; pulse code modulation (PCM) systems; differential PCM (DPCM); linear prediction theory; delta modulation and sigma-delta modulation systems; subband coding with emphasis on speech and audio coding; data compression methods like Huffman coding, Ziv-Lempel coding and arithmetic coding. Cross-listed with NIS 611.

EE 612 Principles of Multimedia Compression
Brief introduction to Information Theory; entropy and rate; Kraft-McMillan inequality; entropy codes - Huffman and arithmetic codes; scalar quantization-quantizer design issues, the Lloyd quantizer and the Lloyd-Max quantizer; vector quantization - LBG algorithm, other quantizer design algorithms; structured VQs; entropy constrained quantization; bit allocation techniques: generalized BFOS algorithm; brief overview of linear algebra; transform coding: KLT, DCT, LOT; subband coding; wavelets; wavelet based compression algorithms (third generation image compression schemes)- EZW algorithm, the SPIHT algorithm and the EBCOT algorithm; video compression: motion estimation and compensation; Image and Video Coding standards: JPEG/ JPEG 2000, MPEG, H.263, H.263+; Source coding and error resilience. Cross-listed with NIS 612.

EE 613 Digital Signal Processing for Communications
This course teaches digital signal processing techniques for wireless communications. It consists of two parts. Part 1 covers basic DSP fundamentals, such as DFT, FFT, IIR and FIR filters, and DSP algorithms (ZF, ML, MMSE). Part 2 covers DSP applications in wireless communications. Various physical layer issues in wireless communications are addressed, including channel estimation, adaptive equalization, synchronization, interference cancellation, OFDM, multi-user detection and rake receiver in CDMA, space-time coding, and smart antenna.

EE 615 Multicarrier Communications
This course reviews multicarrier modulation (MCM) methods which offer several advantages over conventional single carrier systems for broadband data transmission. Topics include fundamentals of MCM, where the data stream is divided into several parallel bit streams, each of which has a much lower bit rate, to exploit multipath diversity and the practical applications. It will cover new advances as well as the present core technology. Hands-on learning with computer-based learning approaches will include simulation in MATLAB and state-of-the-art high level software packages to design and implement modulation, filtering, synchronization and demodulation. Corequisite: EE 609 or equivalent.

EE 616 Signal Detection and Estimation for Communications
Introduction to signal detection and estimation principles with applications in wireless communication systems. Topics include optimum signal detection rules for simple and composite hypothesis test, Chernoff bound and asymptotic relative efficiency, sequential detection and nonparametric detection; optimum estimation including Bayesian estimation and maximum likelihood, Fisher information and Cramer-Rao bound, linear estimation, least squares and weight least squares.

EE 617 Statistical Signal Processing
Mathematical modeling of signal processing; Wiener-Kalman filters, LP and LMS methods; estimation and detection covering minimum-variance-unbiased (MVUB) and maximum likelihood (ML) estimators, Cramer-Rao bound, Bayes and Neyman-Pearson detectors, and CFAR detectors; methods of least squares (LS): batch mode, weighted LS, total LS (TLS) and recursive LS (RLS); SVD and high resolution spectral estimation methods including MUSIC, modified FBLP and Min-Norm; higher order spectral analysis (HOSA) with applications of current interest; PDA and JPDA data association trackers with MultiDATTM; applied computer projects on major topics. Corequisite: EE 616.

EE 619 Solid State Devices
Operating principle, modeling and fabrication of solid state devices for modern optical and electronic system implementation; recent developments in solid state devices and integrated circuits; devices covered include bipolar and MOs diodes and transistors, MESFET, MOSFET transistors, tunnel, IMPATT and BARITT diodes, transferred electron devices, light emitting diodes, semiconductor injection and quantum-well lasers, PIN and avalanche photodetectors. Prerequisite: EE 503 or equivalent. Cross-listed with PEP 619.

EE 620 Reliability Engineering
Combinatorial reliability including series, parallel, cascade and multistage networks; Markov, Weibull and exponential failure models; redundancy; repairability; marginal and catastrophic failures; parameter estimation. Prerequisite: EE 605.

EE 626 Optical Communication Systems
Components for and design of optical communication systems; propagation of optical signals in single mode and multimode optical fibers; optical sources and photodetectors; optical modulators and multiplexers; optical communication systems: coherent modulators, optical fiber amplifiers and repeaters; transcontinental and transoceanic optical telecommunication system design; optical fiber LANs. Cross-listed with PEP 626, MT 626 and NIS 626.

EE 627-628 Data Acquisition and Processing III
The application of electronic principles and analog and digital integrated circuits to the design of industrial and scientific instrumentation, process control, and robotics and automation. Topics include sensors and transducers, analog and digital signal conditioning and processing, data conversion, data transmission and interface standards, machine vision, control, and display. Microcomputers, microprocessors and their support components are applied as system elements. Prerequisite: EE 603.

EE 647 Analog and Digital Control Theory
State space description of linear dynamical systems; canonical forms; solutions of state equations; controllability, observability, minimality; Lyapunov stability; pole placement; asymptotic observer and compensator design, quadratic regulator theory; extensions to multivariable systems; matrix fraction description approach; elements of time-varying systems. Prerequisites: EE 602, EE 603.

EE 651 Spread Spectrum and CDMA
Basic concepts, models and techniques; direct sequence frequency hopping, time hopping, chirp and hybrid systems, jamming game, anti-jam systems, analysis of coherent and non-coherent systems; synchronization and demodulation; multiple access systems; ranging and tracking; pseudo-noise generators. Cross-listed with NIS 651.

EE 653 Cross-Layer Design for Wireless Networks
Introduction to wireless networks and layered architecture, principles of cross-layer design, impact of cross-layer interactions for different architectures: cellular and ad hoc networks, model abstractions for layers in cross-layer design for different architectures (cellular and ad hoc networks), quality of service (QoS) provisioning at different layers of the protocol stack with emphasis on physical layer, medium access control (MAC) and network layers, examples of cross-layer design in the literature: joint optimizations involving beamforming, interference cancellation techniques, MAC protocols, admission control, power control, routing and adaptive modulation.  Cross-listed with NIS 653.

EE 663 Digital Signal Processing I
Review of mathematics of signals and systems including sampling theorem, Fourier transform, z-transform, Hilbert transform; algorithms for fast computation: DFT, DCT computation, convolution; filter design techniques: FIR and IIR filter design, time and frequency domain methods, window method and other approximation theory based methods; structures for realization of discrete time systems: direct form, parallel form, lattice structure and other state-space canonical forms (e.g., orthogonal filters and related structures); roundoff and quantization effects in digital filters: analysis of sensitivity to coefficient quantization, limit cycle in IIR filters, scaling to prevent overflow, role of special structures.

EE 664 Digital Signal Processing II
Implementation of digital filters in high speed architectures; multirate signal processing: linear periodically time varying systems, decimators and expanders, filter banks, interfacing digital systems operating at multiple rates, elements of subband coding and wavelet transforms; signal recovery from partial data: from zero crossing, level crossing, phase only, magnitude only data; elements of spectral estimation: MA, AR and ARMA models. Lattice, Burg methods, MEM. Prerequisite: EE 663.

EE 666 Multidimensional Signal Processing
Mathematics of multidimensional (m-D) signals and systems; frequency and state space description of MD systems; multidimensional FFT; MD recursive and nonrecursive filters, velocity and isotropic filters, their stability and design; MD spectral estimation with applications in array processing; MD signal recovery from partial information such as magnitude, phase, level crossing etc.; MD subband coding for image compression; selected topics from computer aided tomography and synthetic aperture radar. Prerequisite: EE 603 or permission of instructor.

EE 670 Information Theory and Coding
An introduction to information theory methods used in the analysis and design of communication systems. Typical topics include: entropy, relative entropy and mutual information; the asymptotic equipartition property; entropy rates of stochastic process; data compression; Kolmogorov complexity; channel capacity; differential entropy; the Gaussian channel; maximum entropy and mutual information; rate distortion theory; network information theory; algebraic codes. Prerequisite: EE 605.

EE 674 Satellite Communications
Overview of communication theory, modulation techniques, conventional multiple access schemes and SS/TDMA; satellite and frequency allocation, analysis of satellite link, identification of the parameters necessary for the link calculation; modulation and coding; digital modulation methods and their comparison; error correction coding for the satellite channel including Viterbi decoding and system performance; synchronization methods, carrier recovery; effects of impairment on the channel. Prerequisite: EE 603.

EE 681 Fourier Optics
An introduction to two-dimensional linear systems, scalar diffraction theory, and Fresnel and Fraunhofer diffraction. Applications of diffraction theory to thin lenses, optical imaging systems, spatial filtering, optical information processing, holography. Prerequisite: EE 603 or equivalent.

EE 700 Seminar in Electrical Engineering (ECE Seminar)
An ECE seminar on topics of current interest. Attendance by full-time Ph.D. students in the ECE Department is required. Attendance will be recorded. (0 credits/no cost.)

EE 740 Selected Topics in Communication Theory*
A participating seminar in the area of modern communications. Typical topics include high-resolution spectral estimation, nonparametric and robust signal processing, CFAR radars, diversity techniques for fading multipath channels, adaptive nonlinear equalizers or optical communications.

EE 775 Selected Topics in Information Theory and Coding*
Current topics in Information Theory and Coding. Typical topics include: basic theorems of information theory, entropy, channel capacity, error bounds. Rate distortion theory: discrete source with a fidelity criterion, minimum distortion quantization, bounds on rate-distortion functions, error control codes: review of prerequisite linear algebra and field theory, linear block codes, cyclic algebraic codes, convolutional codes and sequential decoding.

EE 787 Applied Antenna Theory
Brief review of electromagnetic theory; Maxwell's equations; the wave equations; plane waves and spherical waves; explanation of phenomenon of radiation; the incremental dipole antenna; dipole antennas including half-wave dipole and grounded monopole. Linear-antenna arrays such as Yagi-Uda array and log-periodic array. Radiation from an aperture such as rectangular and circular apertures. Prime-focus fed paraboloidal reflector antennas; far-field patterns, directivity, effects of scanning and effects of random surface imperfections. Shaped-reflector paraboloidal reflector antennas, Cassegrain and Gregorian paraboloidal antennas. Offset paraboloidal reflectors, spherical reflectors. Tracking antennas, types of monopulse patterns, antenna noise, concept of G/T.

EE 800 Special Problems in Electrical Engineering (M.Eng.)*
An investigation of a current research topic at the pre-master's level, under the direction of a faculty member. A written report is required, which should have the substance of a publishable article. Students with no practical experience who do not write a master's thesis are invited to take advantage of this experience. One to six credits for the degree of Master of Engineering (Electrical Engineering).

EE 801 Special problems in Electrical Engineering (Ph.D.)*
An investigation of a current research topic beyond that of EE 800 level, under the direction of a faculty member. A written report is required which should have the substance of a publishable article. It should have importance in modern electrical engineering. This course is open to students who intend to be doctoral candidates and wish to explore an area that is different from the doctoral research topic. One to six credits for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.

EE 900 Thesis in Electrical Engineering (M. Eng.)*
A thesis of significance to be filed in libraries, demonstrating competence in a research area of electrical engineering. Five to ten credits with departmental approval for the degree of Master of Engineering (Electrical Engineering).

EE 950 Electrical Engineer Design Project*
An investigation of current engineering topic or design. A written report is required. Eight to fifteen credits for the degree of Electrical Engineer.

EE 960 Research in Electrical Engineering (Ph.D.)*
Original research of a significant character, undertaken under the guidance of a member of the departmental faculty, which may serve as the basis for the dissertation required for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. A report describing progress towards completing the thesis research for each semester in which student is enrolled for research credit must be provided to the student's thesis committee. Credits to be arranged.

*By request